Gamaredon, a pro-Russian Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) that has been in operation since at least 2013, has in the months of late 2019 and early 2020 seriously ramped up the scale of its operations against the Ukrainian government. It has particularly targeted Ukrainian defense establishments, such as the National Ground Forces Academy, as well as assisting separatist forces of the so-called Donetsk and Luhansk Peoples Republics. Researchers at Sentinel Labs have linked the increase in cyberattacks by Gamaredon to the curtailment of kinetic ones in response to France-led negotiations on the status of the Donbas at Normandy.