Since July 2018, according to experts at the Henry Jackson Society (HJS), entities operating through a Turkish server farm with ties to Russia’s military intelligence agency (GRU) targeted the think tank with more than 2,400 unsuccessful hacking attempts. According to the Daily Express, HJS is known for its “scepticism towards Vladimir Putin” and its cooperation with other prominent critics of the Kremlin, including Marina Litvinenko, Bill Browder, and Vladimir Kara-Murza. Hackers also targeted the email account of Dr. Andrew Foxall, the director of the Russia and Eurasia Studies Centre at HJS.