A joint investigation by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), found that, since 2015, the Chinese government had conducted coordinated campaigns against diaspora dissidents living in Canada. Tactics included digital surveillance, hacking, harassment, intimidation of families in China, and smear campaigns. The investigation exposed systematic efforts by PRC authorities and their proxies to silence critics abroad using both online and offline methods. Canadian lawmakers from multiple parties urged the newly elected government to enforce the recently passed Countering Foreign Interference Act and to take immediate steps to protect targeted individuals. Adopted in June 2024, the Bill is supposed to “counter the rising threat of transnational repression and foreign interference in Canada by giving government departments and agencies more powers to fight it and by creating a foreign agent registry and a foreign interference transparency commissioner”.