In February 2021, the National Counterintelligence and Security Center issued a public report warning that the Chinese state was working to acquire American health data, particularly pertaining to U.S. citizens’ DNA. The report states that through targeted acquisitions, “aggressive marketing” of Chinese COVID-19 testing kits, and cyber operations, Chinese authorities had already gained access healthcare information of “much of the U.S. population.” The document explains that this information is being used to advance Chinese medical research and expresses concerns about the potential for blackmail.